The Ebionites viewed (depicted here) as a holy man but not as God ( The Sermon on the Mount by Carl Heinrich Bloch, 1890) The Ebionites (from Hebrew; אביונים, Ebyonim, 'the poor ones') were an early of followers of that flourished from the first to the fifth century C.E. In and around the. In contrast to the dominant Christian sects that viewed Jesus as the incarnation of, the Ebionites saw Jesus as a mortal human being, who by being a holy man, was chosen by God to be the of the '.'
The Ebionites insisted on following, and rejected the writings of. Thus, Ebionites were in theological conflict with the emerging dominant streams of Christianity that opened up to the. Scholarly knowledge of the Ebionites is limited and fragmentary, deriving primarily from the polemics of the early.
Nazarenes and Ebionites Josephus reports four main sects or schools of Judaism: Pharisees, Sadducees, Essenes, and Zealots. The earliest followers of Jesus were known as Nazarenes, and perhaps later, Ebionites, and form an important part of the picture of Palestinian Jewish groups in late 2nd Temple times. Ebionism; Ebionites. General Statement: The Ebionites were a sect of heretics frequently mentioned by the early Fathers. In regard to their opinions, as in regard to those of most early heretical sects, there is the difficulty that to a large extent we are dependent for our information on their opponents.
Many scholars argue that they existed as a distinct group from Pauline Christians and before and after the fall of Jerusalem in 70 C.E., and they have been linked to the Jerusalem church of. Some even contend that Ebionites were more faithful than Paul to the authentic teachings of Jesus.
They called themselves the 'Poor Ones' because they regarded a vow of poverty to be central to actualizing the 'kingdom of God' was already on Earth. Accordingly, they dispossessed themselves of all their goods and lived in religious communistic societies. Their accounts at times seem to be contradictory due to the double application of the term 'Ebionite,' some referring to Jewish Christianity as a whole, others only to a sect within it. Tabor, The Jewish Roman World of Jesus. Retrieved December 31, 2007. Ante-Nicene Fathers, Hippolytus, Retrieved December 31, 2007.
↑ Hyam Maccoby, The Mythmaker: Paul and the Invention of Christianity (New York: Harper & Row, 1987). Retrieved December 31, 2007. ↑ Kaufmann Kohler, Jewish Encyclopedia. ↑ Ante-Nicene Fathers, Irenaeus, 1.26.2.
Retrieved December 31, 2007. Robert Eisenman, James the Brother of Jesus: The Key to Unlocking the Secrets of Early Christianity and the Dead Sea Scrolls (New York: Viking, 1996). ↑ Keith Akers, The Lost Religion of Jesus: Simple Living and Nonviolence in Early Christianity (New York: Lantern Books, 2000). ↑ Hans-Joachim Schoeps, Jewish Christianity: Factional Disputes in the Early Church, trans. Hare (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1969).
Richard Shand, Retrieved December 31, 2007. ↑ Ante-Nicene Fathers, Justin Martyr (140 C.E.). ↑ Glenn Alan Koch, A Critical Investigation of Epiphanius' Knowdedge of the Ebionites: A Translation and Critical Discussion of 'Panarion' 30 (University of Pennsylvania, 1976). Bargil Pixner, “Church of the Apostles found on Mt. Zion,” Biblical Archaeological Review (May/June 1990). Ante-Nicene Fathers, Jerome,. ↑ Catholic Encyclopedia.
Retrieved December 31, 2007. Francois Viljoen, “Jesus' Teaching on the Torah in the Sermon on the Mount,” Neotestamenica 40.1 (2006): 135-155. Retrieved December 31, 2007. Epiphanius of Salamis, The Panarion of Epiphanius of Salamis Book I (Sects 1-46), translated by Frank Williams (Leiden: Brill Academic Publishers, 1987), 30.14.5, 30.16.4, 30.16.5, 30.18.7-9, 30.22.4. Retrieved December 31, 2007. ↑ Schlomo Pines, “The Jewish Christians Of The Early Centuries Of Christianity According To A New Source,” Proceedings of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities II 13 (1966). Reinink, Patristic Evidence for Jewish-Christian Sects (1973).
Epiphanius, Panarion 16.9. Adler, The Itinerary of Benjamin of Tudela: Critical Text, Translation and Commentary (New York: Phillip Feldheim, 1907), 70-72. Retrieved December 31, 2007.
Muhammad Shahrastani, The Book of Religious and Philosphical Sects (London, 1842; Gorgias Press, 2002, ed. William Cureton), 167. Shemayah Phillips, “Messianic Jews: Jewish Idolatry Revisited,” Our Liberation Magazine (August /September 2006). Bible History Online, Retrieved December 31, 2007. Van Voorst, The Ascents of James: History and Theology of a Jewish-Christian Community (Atlanta, GA: Scholars Press, 1989). John Toland, Nazarenus, or Jewish, Gentile and Mahometan Christianity (1718). Blackhirst, “Barnabas and the Gospels: Was There an Early Gospel of Barnabas?” J.
Higher Criticism 7(1) (Spring 2000): 1-22. Retrieved December 31, 2007. External links All links retrieved September 25, 2017. by Henry Wace – Christian Classics Ethereal Library. Credits New World Encyclopedia writers and editors rewrote and completed the Wikipedia article in accordance with New World Encyclopedia.
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